MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE

2015 Regular Session

To: Public Health and Welfare

By: Senator(s) Burton

Senate Bill 2102

AN ACT TO AMEND SECTIONS 41-21-67, 41-21-69, 41-21-71 AND 41-30-27, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO INCLUDE LICENSED NURSE PRACTITIONERS AS MANDATORY EVALUATORS FOR CIVIL COMMITMENT AND TO INCLUDE LICENSED PROFESSIONAL COUNSELORS, LICENSED CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKERS AND LICENSED MARRIAGE AND FAMILY THERAPISTS AS POTENTIAL SECOND EVALUATORS FOR CIVIL COMMITMENT; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES.

     BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI:

     SECTION 1.  Section 41-21-67, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

     41-21-67.  (1)  Whenever the affidavit provided for in Section 41-21-65 is filed with the chancery clerk, the clerk, upon direction of the chancellor of the court, shall issue a writ directed to the sheriff of the proper county to take into custody the person alleged to be in need of treatment and to bring the person before the clerk or chancellor, who shall order pre-evaluation screening and treatment by the appropriate community mental health center established under Section 41-19-31.  The community mental health center will be designated as the first point of entry for screening and treatment.  If the community mental health center is unavailable, any reputable licensed physician, psychologist, nurse practitioner or physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor, as allowed in the discretion of the court, may conduct the pre-evaluation screening and examination as set forth in Section 41-21-69.  The order may provide where the person shall be held before the appearance before the clerk or chancellor.  However, when the affidavit fails to set forth factual allegations and witnesses sufficient to support the need for treatment, the chancellor shall refuse to direct issuance of the writ.  Reapplication may be made to the chancellor.  If a pauper's affidavit is filed by a guardian for commitment of the ward of the guardian, the court shall determine if the ward is a pauper and if the ward is determined to be a pauper, the county of the residence of the respondent shall bear the costs of commitment, unless funds for those purposes are made available by the state.

     In any county in which a Crisis Intervention Team has been established under the provisions of Sections 41-21-131 through 41-21-143, the clerk, upon the direction of the chancellor, may require that the person be referred to the Crisis Intervention Team for appropriate psychiatric or other medical services before the issuance of the writ.

     (2)  Upon issuance of the writ, the chancellor shall immediately appoint and summon two (2) reputable, licensed physicians or either one (1) reputable, licensed physician * * * and either one (1) psychologist, or one (1) reputable, licensed nurse practitioner * * * or and one (1) psychologist, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor to conduct a physical and mental examination of the person at a place to be designated by the clerk or chancellor and to report their findings to the clerk or chancellor.  However, any nurse practitioner or physician assistant conducting the examination shall be independent from, and not under the supervision of, the other physician conducting the examination.  In all counties in which there is a county health officer, the county health officer, if available, may be one (1) of the physicians so appointed.  Neither of the physicians nor the psychologist, nurse practitioner or physician assistant selected shall be related to that person in any way, nor have any direct or indirect interest in the estate of that person nor shall any full-time staff of residential treatment facilities operated directly by the State Department of Mental Health serve as examiner.

     (3)  The clerk shall ascertain whether the respondent is represented by an attorney, and if it is determined that the respondent does not have an attorney, the clerk shall immediately notify the chancellor of that fact.  If the chancellor determines that the respondent for any reason does not have the services of an attorney, the chancellor shall immediately appoint an attorney for the respondent at the time the examiners are appointed.

     (4)  If the chancellor determines that there is probable cause to believe that the respondent is mentally ill and that there is no reasonable alternative to detention, the chancellor may order that the respondent be retained as an emergency patient at any licensed medical facility for evaluation by a physician, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor, and that a peace officer transport the respondent to the specified facility.  If the community mental health center serving the county has partnered with Crisis Intervention Teams under the provisions of Sections 41-21-131 through 41-21-143, the order may specify that the licensed medical facility be a designated single point of entry within the county or within an adjacent county served by the community mental health center.  If the person evaluating the respondent finds that the respondent is mentally ill and in need of treatment, the chancellor may order that the respondent be retained at the licensed medical facility or any other available suitable location as the court may so designate pending an admission hearing.  If necessary, the chancellor may order a peace officer or other person to transport the respondent to that facility or suitable location.  Any respondent so retained may be given such treatment as is indicated by standard medical practice.  However, the respondent shall not be held in a hospital operated directly by the State Department of Mental Health, and shall not be held in jail unless the court finds that there is no reasonable alternative.

     (5)  (a)  Whenever a licensed psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor who is certified to complete examinations for the purpose of commitment or a licensed physician has reason to believe that a person poses an immediate substantial likelihood of physical harm to himself or others or is gravely disabled and unable to care for himself by virtue of mental illness, as defined in Section 41-21-61(e), then the physician, psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor may hold the person or may admit the person to and treat the person in a licensed medical facility, without a civil order or warrant for a period not to exceed seventy-two (72) hours.  However, if the seventy-two-hour period begins or ends when the chancery clerk's office is closed, or within three (3) hours of closing, and the chancery clerk's office will be continuously closed for a time that exceeds seventy-two (72) hours, then the seventy-two-hour period is extended until the end of the next business day that the chancery clerk's office is open.  The person may be held and treated as an emergency patient at any licensed medical facility, available regional mental health facility, or crisis intervention center.  The physician or psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor, who holds the person shall certify in writing the reasons for the need for holding.

     If a person is being held and treated in a licensed medical facility, and that person decides to continue treatment by voluntarily signing consent for admission and treatment, the seventy-two-hour hold may be discontinued without filing an affidavit for commitment.  Any respondent so held may be given such treatment as indicated by standard medical practice.  Persons acting in good faith in connection with the detention and reporting of a person believed to be mentally ill shall incur no liability, civil or criminal, for those acts.

          (b)  Whenever an individual is held for purposes of receiving treatment as prescribed under paragraph (a) of this subsection, and it is communicated to the mental health professional holding the individual that the individual resides or has visitation rights with a minor child, and if the individual is considered to be a danger to the minor child, the mental health professional shall notify the Department of Human Services prior to discharge if the threat of harm continues to exist, as is required under Section 43-21-353.

     This paragraph shall be known and may be cited as the "Andrew Lloyd Law."

     SECTION 2.  Section 41-21-69, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

     41-21-69.  (1)  (a)  The physicians or the physician * * * and or psychologist, nurse practitioner, * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor so appointed shall immediately make a full inquiry into the condition of the person alleged to be in need of treatment and shall make a mental examination and physical evaluation of the person, and shall make a report and certificate of their findings of all mental and acute physical problems to the clerk of the court.  The report and certificate shall set forth the facts as found by the physicians or the physician * * * and or psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor and shall state whether or not the examiner is of the opinion that the proposed patient is suffering a disability defined in Sections 41-21-61 through 41-21-107 and should be committed to a treatment facility.  The statement shall include the reasons for that opinion.  The examination may be based upon a history provided by the patient and the report and certificate of findings shall include an identification of all mental and physical problems identified by the examination.

          (b)  If the physicians or the physician and psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor so appointed finds:  (i) the respondent has mental illness; (ii) the respondent is capable of surviving safely in the community with available supervision from family, friends or others; (iii) based on the respondent's treatment history and other applicable medical or psychiatric indicia, the respondent is in need of treatment in order to prevent further disability or deterioration that would result in significant deterioration in the ability to carry out activities of daily living; and (iv) his or her current mental status or the nature of his or her illness limits or negates his or her ability to make an informed decision to seek voluntarily or comply with recommended treatment; the physicians or the physician and psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor so appointed shall so show on the examination report and certification and shall recommend outpatient commitment.  The examining physicians or the physician and psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor shall also show the name, address and telephone number at the proposed outpatient treatment physician or facility.

     (2)  The examinations shall be conducted and concluded within forty-eight (48) hours after the order for examination and appointment of attorney, and the certificates of the physicians or the physician and psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor shall be filed with the clerk of the court within that time, unless the running of that period extends into nonbusiness hours, in which event the certificate shall be filed at the beginning of the next business day.  However, if the examining physicians or the physician and psychologist, nurse practitioner * * * or, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor is of the opinion that additional time to complete the examination is necessary, and this fact is communicated to the chancery clerk or chancellor, the clerk or chancellor shall have authority to extend the time for completion of the examination and the filing of the certificate, the extension to be not more than eight (8) hours.

     (3)  At the beginning of the examination, the respondent shall be told in plain language of the purpose of the examination, the possible consequences of the examination, of his or her right to refuse to answer any questions, and his or her right to have his or her attorney present.

     SECTION 3.  Section 41-21-71, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

     41-21-71.  If, as a result of the examination, the examiners certify that the person is not in need of treatment, the chancellor or clerk shall dismiss the affidavit without the need for a further hearing.  If the chancellor or chancery clerk finds, based upon the physicians' or the physician's and a psychologist's, nurse practitioner's * * * or, physician assistant's, licensed clinical social worker's, licensed marriage and family therapist's, or licensed professional counselor's certificate and any other relevant evidence, that the respondent is in need of treatment and that certificate is filed with the chancery clerk within forty-eight (48) hours after the order for examination, or extension of that time as provided in Section 41-21-69, the clerk shall immediately set the matter for a hearing.  The hearing shall be set within seven (7) days of the filing of the certificate unless an extension is requested by the respondent's attorney.  In no event shall the hearing be more than ten (10) days after the filing of the certificate.

     SECTION 4.  Section 41-30-27, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

     41-30-27.  (1)  (a)  A person may be admitted to an approved public or private treatment facility for emergency care and treatment upon a decree of the chancery court accepting an application for admission thereto accompanied by the certificate of two (2) licensed physicians or either one (1) reputable, licensed physician and one (1) psychologist, nurse practitioner, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, or licensed professional counselor.  The application shall be to the chancery court of the county of such person's residence and may be made by any one (1) of the following:  Either certifying physician, the patient's spouse or guardian, any relative of the patient, or any other person responsible for health, safety or welfare of all or part of the citizens within said chancery court's territorial jurisdiction.  The application shall state facts to support the need for immediate commitment, including factual allegations showing that the person to be committed has threatened, attempted or actually inflicted physical harm upon himself or another.  The physician * * *s''s, psychologist's, nurse practitioner's, physician assistant's, licensed clinical social worker's, licensed marriage and family therapist's, or licensed professional counselor's certificate(s) shall state that they examined the person within two (2) days of the certificate date and shall set out the facts to support * * * the physicians' their professional conclusion that the person is an alcoholic or drug addict who has lost the power of self-control with respect to the use of alcoholic beverages or habit-forming drugs and that unless immediately committed he is likely to inflict physical harm upon himself or others.  A hearing on such applications shall be heard by the chancery court in term time or in vacation, and the hearing shall be held in the presence of the person sought to be admitted unless he fail or refuse to attend.  Notice of the hearing shall be given to the person sought to be admitted, as soon as practicable after the examination by the certifying * * * physicians physician, psychologist, nurse practitioner, physician assistant, licensed clinical social worker, or licensed professional counselor, and the person sought to be admitted shall have an opportunity to be represented by counsel, and shall be entitled to have compulsory process for the attendance of witnesses.

          (b)  For the purpose of this section, the term "drug addict" shall have the meaning ascribed to it by Section 41-31-1(d).

     (2)  The chancery judge may refuse an application if in his opinion the application and certificate fail to sustain the grounds for commitment.  Upon acceptance of the application after hearing thereon and decree sustaining the application by the judge, the person shall be transported to the facility by a peace officer, health officer, the applicant for commitment, the patient's spouse or the patient's guardian.  The person shall be retained at the facility that admitted him, or be transferred to any other appropriate treatment resource, until discharged pursuant to subsection (3).

     (3)  The attending physician shall discharge any person committed pursuant to this section when he determines that the grounds for commitment no longer exist, but no person committed pursuant to this section shall be retained in any facility for more than five (5) days.

     (4)  The application filed pursuant to subsection (1) of this section shall also contain a petition for involuntary commitment pursuant to Title 41, Chapter 31, Mississippi Code of 1972.  If the application for emergency involuntary commitment is accepted under subsection (2) of this section, the chancery judge shall order a hearing on the petition for commitment pursuant to Title 41, Chapter 31, Mississippi Code of 1972, to be held on the fifth day of such involuntary emergency commitment, the provisions of Section 41-31-5 regarding the time of hearing to the contrary notwithstanding; provided, however, that at the time of such involuntary commitment the alleged alcoholic or drug addict shall be served with a citation to appear at said hearing and shall have an opportunity to be represented by counsel.

     SECTION 5.  This act shall take effect and be in force from and after July 1, 2015.