101ST GENERAL ASSEMBLY
State of Illinois
2019 and 2020
HB5423
 
Introduced , by Rep. Daniel Swanson - Terri Bryant - Avery Bourne - Darren Bailey
 
SYNOPSIS AS INTRODUCED:



      
430 ILCS 65/2 from Ch. 38, par. 83-2
430 ILCS 65/4 from Ch. 38, par. 83-4
430 ILCS 65/8 from Ch. 38, par. 83-8
430 ILCS 66/25

 Amends the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act. Lowers the age at which a person may apply for a Firearm Owner's Identification Card from 21 to 18 and provides that a person who is under that age may apply for a Firearm Owner's Identification Card without parental consent required if he or she is an active duty member of the United States Armed Forces. Amends the Firearm Concealed Carry Act. Provides that the Department of State Police shall issue a concealed carry license to an applicant who is at least 18 (currently, 21) years of age or is an active duty member of the United States Armed Forces.



LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


 
 
A BILL FOR
 


HB5423LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b



1 AN ACT concerning safety.


2 Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,

3represented in the General Assembly:



4 Section 5. The Firearm Owners Identification Card Act is 
5amended by changing Sections 2, 4, and 8 as follows:




6 (430 ILCS 65/2) (from Ch. 38, par. 83-2)


7 Sec. 2. Firearm Owner's Identification Card required; 
8exceptions. 

9 (a) (1) No person may acquire or possess any firearm, stun 
10gun, or taser within this State
without having in his or her 
11possession a Firearm Owner's Identification Card
previously 
12issued in his or her name by the Department of State Police 
13under
the provisions of this Act.

14 (2) No person may acquire or possess firearm ammunition 
15within this
State without having in his or her possession a 
16Firearm Owner's Identification
Card previously issued in his or 
17her name by the Department of State Police
under the provisions 
18of this Act.

19 (b) The provisions of this Section regarding the possession 
20of firearms, firearm ammunition, stun guns, and tasers do not 
21apply to:

22  (1) United States Marshals, while engaged in the 
23 operation of their
official duties;

 
 
HB5423- 2 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1  (2) Members of the Armed Forces of the United States or 
2 the National
Guard, while engaged in the operation of their 
3 official duties;

4  (3) Federal officials required to carry firearms, 
5 while engaged in the
operation of their official duties;

6  (4) Members of bona fide veterans organizations which 
7 receive firearms
directly from the armed forces of the 
8 United States, while using the
firearms for ceremonial 
9 purposes with blank ammunition;

10  (5) Nonresident hunters during hunting season, with 
11 valid nonresident
hunting licenses and while in an area 
12 where hunting is permitted; however,
at all other times and 
13 in all other places these persons must have their
firearms 
14 unloaded and enclosed in a case;

15  (6) Those hunters exempt from obtaining a hunting 
16 license who are
required to submit their Firearm Owner's 
17 Identification Card when hunting
on Department of Natural 
18 Resources owned or managed sites;

19  (7) Nonresidents while on a firing or shooting range 
20 recognized by the
Department of State Police; however, 
21 these persons must at all other times
and in all other 
22 places have their firearms unloaded and enclosed in a case;


23  (8) Nonresidents while at a firearm showing or display 
24 recognized by
the Department of State Police; however, at 
25 all other times and in all
other places these persons must 
26 have their firearms unloaded and enclosed
in a case;

 
 
HB5423- 3 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1  (9) Nonresidents whose firearms are unloaded and 
2 enclosed in a case;

3  (10) Nonresidents who are currently licensed or 
4 registered to possess a
firearm in their resident state;

5  (11) Unemancipated minors while in the custody and 
6 immediate control of
their parent or legal guardian or 
7 other person in loco parentis to the
minor if the parent or 
8 legal guardian or other person in loco parentis to
the 
9 minor has a currently valid Firearm Owner's Identification

10 Card;

11  (12) Color guards of bona fide veterans organizations 
12 or members of bona
fide American Legion bands while using 
13 firearms for ceremonial purposes
with blank ammunition;

14  (13) Nonresident hunters whose state of residence does 
15 not require
them to be licensed or registered to possess a 
16 firearm and only during
hunting season, with valid hunting 
17 licenses, while accompanied by, and
using a firearm owned 
18 by, a person who possesses a valid Firearm Owner's

19 Identification Card and while in an area within a 
20 commercial club licensed
under the Wildlife Code where 
21 hunting is permitted and controlled, but in
no instance 
22 upon sites owned or managed by the Department of Natural

23 Resources;

24  (14) Resident hunters who are properly authorized to 
25 hunt and,
while accompanied by a person who possesses a 
26 valid Firearm Owner's
Identification Card, hunt in an area 
 
 
HB5423- 4 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 within a commercial club licensed
under the Wildlife Code 
2 where hunting is permitted and controlled;

3  (15) A person who is otherwise eligible to obtain a 
4 Firearm Owner's
Identification Card under this Act and is 
5 under the direct supervision of a
holder of a Firearm

6 Owner's Identification Card who is 18 21 years of age or 
7 older while the person is
on a firing or shooting range
or 
8 is a
participant in a firearms safety and training course 
9 recognized by a law
enforcement agency or a national, 
10 statewide shooting sports organization; and

11  (16) Competitive shooting athletes whose competition 
12 firearms are sanctioned by the International Olympic 
13 Committee, the International Paralympic Committee, the 
14 International Shooting Sport Federation, or USA Shooting 
15 in connection with such athletes' training for and 
16 participation in shooting competitions at the 2016 Olympic 
17 and Paralympic Games and sanctioned test events leading up 
18 to the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games. 
19 (c) The provisions of this Section regarding the 
20acquisition and possession
of firearms, firearm ammunition, 
21stun guns, and tasers do not apply to law enforcement officials

22of this or any other jurisdiction, while engaged in the 
23operation of their
official duties.

24 (c-5) The provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
25subsection (a) of this Section regarding the possession of 
26firearms
and firearm ammunition do not apply to the holder of a 
 
 
HB5423- 5 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1valid concealed carry
license issued under the Firearm 
2Concealed Carry Act who is in physical
possession of the 
3concealed carry license. 
4 (d) Any person who becomes a resident of this State, who is 
5not otherwise prohibited from obtaining, possessing, or using a 
6firearm or firearm ammunition, shall not be required to have a 
7Firearm Owner's Identification Card to possess firearms or 
8firearms ammunition until 60 calendar days after he or she 
9obtains an Illinois driver's license or Illinois 
10Identification Card. 
11(Source: P.A. 99-29, eff. 7-10-15.)




12 (430 ILCS 65/4) (from Ch. 38, par. 83-4)


13 Sec. 4. Application for Firearm Owner's Identification 
14Cards. 
15 (a) Each applicant for a Firearm Owner's Identification 
16Card must: 

17  (1) Make application on blank forms prepared and 
18 furnished at convenient
locations throughout the State by 
19 the Department of State Police, or by
electronic means, if 
20 and when made available by the Department of State
Police; 
21 and

22  (2) Submit evidence to the Department of State Police 
23 that:

24   (i) This subparagraph (i) applies through the 
25 180th day following the effective date of this 
 
 
HB5423- 6 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly. He or she 
2 is 18 21 years of age or over, or if he or she is under 
3 18 21
years of age that he or she has never been 
4 convicted of a misdemeanor other than a traffic offense 
5 or adjudged delinquent and is an active duty member of 
6 the United States Armed Forces or has the written 
7 consent of his or her parent or
legal guardian to 
8 possess and acquire firearms and firearm ammunition 
9 and that
he or she has never been convicted of a 
10 misdemeanor other than a traffic
offense or adjudged

11 delinquent, provided, however, that such parent or 
12 legal guardian is not an
individual prohibited from 
13 having a Firearm Owner's Identification Card and
files 
14 an affidavit with the Department as prescribed by the 
15 Department
stating that he or she is not an individual 
16 prohibited from having a Card;
17   (i-5) This subparagraph (i-5) applies on and after 
18 the 181st day following the effective date of this 
19 amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly. He or she 
20 is 18 21 years of age or over, or if he or she is under 
21 18 21
years of age that he or she has never been 
22 convicted of a misdemeanor other than a traffic offense 
23 or adjudged delinquent and is an active duty member of 
24 the United States Armed Forces or has the written 
25 consent of his or her parent or
legal guardian to 
26 possess and acquire firearms and firearm ammunition, 
 
 
HB5423- 7 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 provided, however, that such parent or legal guardian 
2 is not an
individual prohibited from having a Firearm 
3 Owner's Identification Card and
files an affidavit 
4 with the Department as prescribed by the Department

5 stating that he or she is not an individual prohibited 
6 from having a Card or the active duty member of the 
7 United States Armed Forces under 18 21 years of age 
8 annually submits proof to the Department of State 
9 Police, in a manner prescribed by the Department; 

10   (ii) He or she has not been convicted of a felony 
11 under the laws of
this or any other jurisdiction;

12   (iii) He or she is not addicted to narcotics;

13   (iv) He or she has not been a patient in a mental 
14 health facility within
the past 5 years or, if he or 
15 she has been a patient in a mental health facility more 
16 than 5 years ago submit the certification required 
17 under subsection (u) of Section 8 of this Act;

18   (v) He or she is not a person with an intellectual 
19 disability;

20   (vi) He or she is not an alien who is unlawfully 
21 present in the
United States under the laws of the 
22 United States;

23   (vii) He or she is not subject to an existing order 
24 of protection
prohibiting him or her from possessing a 
25 firearm;

26   (viii) He or she has not been convicted within the 
 
 
HB5423- 8 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 past 5 years of
battery, assault, aggravated assault, 
2 violation of an order of
protection, or a substantially 
3 similar offense in another jurisdiction, in
which a 
4 firearm was used or possessed;

5   (ix) He or she has not been convicted of domestic 
6 battery, aggravated domestic battery, or a

7 substantially similar offense in another
jurisdiction 
8 committed before, on or after January 1, 2012 (the 
9 effective date of Public Act 97-158). If the applicant 
10 knowingly and intelligently waives the right to have an 
11 offense described in this clause (ix) tried by a jury, 
12 and by guilty plea or otherwise, results in a 
13 conviction for an offense in which a domestic 
14 relationship is not a required element of the offense 
15 but in which a determination of the applicability of 18 
16 U.S.C. 922(g)(9) is made under Section 112A-11.1 of the 
17 Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963, an entry by the 
18 court of a judgment of conviction for that offense 
19 shall be grounds for denying the issuance of a Firearm 
20 Owner's Identification Card under this Section;

21   (x) (Blank);

22   (xi) He or she is not an alien who has been 
23 admitted to the United
States under a non-immigrant 
24 visa (as that term is defined in Section
101(a)(26) of 
25 the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
26 1101(a)(26))),
or that he or she is an alien who has 
 
 
HB5423- 9 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 been lawfully admitted to the United
States under a 
2 non-immigrant visa if that alien is:

3    (1) admitted to the United States for lawful 
4 hunting or sporting
purposes;

5    (2) an official representative of a foreign 
6 government who is:

7     (A) accredited to the United States 
8 Government or the Government's
mission to an 
9 international organization having its 
10 headquarters in the United
States; or

11     (B) en route to or from another country to 
12 which that alien is
accredited;

13    (3) an official of a foreign government or 
14 distinguished foreign
visitor who has been so 
15 designated by the Department of State;

16    (4) a foreign law enforcement officer of a 
17 friendly foreign
government entering the United 
18 States on official business; or

19    (5) one who has received a waiver from the 
20 Attorney General of the
United States pursuant to 
21 18 U.S.C. 922(y)(3);

22   (xii) He or she is not a minor subject to a 
23 petition filed
under Section 5-520 of the Juvenile 
24 Court Act of 1987 alleging that the
minor is a 
25 delinquent minor for the commission of an offense that 
26 if
committed by an adult would be a felony;

 
 
HB5423- 10 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1   (xiii) He or she is not an adult who had been 
2 adjudicated a delinquent
minor under the Juvenile 
3 Court Act of 1987 for the commission of an offense
that 
4 if committed by an adult would be a felony;

5   (xiv) He or she is a resident of the State of 
6 Illinois; 
7   (xv) He or she has not been adjudicated as a person 
8 with a mental disability; 
9   (xvi) He or she has not been involuntarily admitted 
10 into a mental health facility; and 
11   (xvii) He or she is not a person with a 
12 developmental disability; and 
13  (3) Upon request by the Department of State Police, 
14 sign a release on a
form prescribed by the Department of 
15 State Police waiving any right to
confidentiality and 
16 requesting the disclosure to the Department of State Police

17 of limited mental health institution admission information 
18 from another state,
the District of Columbia, any other 
19 territory of the United States, or a
foreign nation 
20 concerning the applicant for the sole purpose of 
21 determining
whether the applicant is or was a patient in a 
22 mental health institution and
disqualified because of that 
23 status from receiving a Firearm Owner's
Identification 
24 Card. No mental health care or treatment records may be

25 requested. The information received shall be destroyed 
26 within one year of
receipt.

 
 
HB5423- 11 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 (a-5) Each applicant for a Firearm Owner's Identification 
2Card who is over
the age of 18 shall furnish to the Department 
3of State Police either his or
her Illinois driver's license 
4number or Illinois Identification Card number, except as

5provided in subsection (a-10).

6 (a-10) Each applicant for a Firearm Owner's Identification 
7Card,
who is employed as a law enforcement officer, an armed 
8security officer in Illinois, or by the United States Military

9permanently assigned in Illinois and who is not an Illinois 
10resident, shall furnish to
the Department of State Police his 
11or her driver's license number or state
identification card 
12number from his or her state of residence. The Department
of 
13State Police may adopt rules to enforce the provisions of this

14subsection (a-10).

15 (a-15) If an applicant applying for a Firearm Owner's 
16Identification Card moves from the residence address named in 
17the application, he or she shall immediately notify in a form 
18and manner prescribed by the Department of State Police of that 
19change of address.
20 (a-20) Each applicant for a Firearm Owner's Identification 
21Card shall furnish to the Department of State Police his or her 
22photograph. An applicant who is 18 21 years of age or older 
23seeking a religious exemption to the photograph requirement 
24must furnish with the application an approved copy of United 
25States Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service Form 
264029. In lieu of a photograph, an applicant regardless of age 
 
 
HB5423- 12 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1seeking a religious exemption to the photograph requirement 
2shall submit fingerprints on a form and manner prescribed by 
3the Department with his or her application. 
4 (b) Each application form shall include the following 
5statement printed in
bold type: "Warning: Entering false 
6information on an application for a Firearm
Owner's 
7Identification Card is punishable as a Class 2 felony in 
8accordance
with subsection (d-5) of Section 14 of the Firearm 
9Owners Identification Card
Act.".

10 (c) Upon such written consent, pursuant to Section 4, 
11paragraph (a)(2)(i),
the parent or legal guardian giving the 
12consent shall be liable for any
damages resulting from the 
13applicant's use of firearms or firearm ammunition.

14(Source: P.A. 101-80, eff. 7-12-19.)




15 (430 ILCS 65/8) (from Ch. 38, par. 83-8)

16 Sec. 8. Grounds for denial and revocation. The Department 
17of State Police has authority to deny an
application for or to 
18revoke and seize a Firearm Owner's Identification
Card 
19previously issued under this Act only if the Department finds 
20that the
applicant or the person to whom such card was issued 
21is or was at the time
of issuance:

22  (a) A person under 18 21 years of age who has been 
23 convicted of a
misdemeanor other than a traffic offense or 
24 adjudged delinquent;

25  (b) This subsection (b) applies through the 180th day 
 
 
HB5423- 13 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 following the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 
2 101st General Assembly. A person under 18 21 years of age 
3 who is not an active duty member of the of the United 
4 States Armed Forces and does not have the written consent

5 of his parent or guardian to acquire and possess firearms 
6 and firearm
ammunition, or whose parent or guardian has 
7 revoked such written consent,
or where such parent or 
8 guardian does not qualify to have a Firearm Owner's

9 Identification Card;
10  (b-5) This subsection (b-5) applies on and after the 
11 181st day following the effective date of this amendatory 
12 Act of the 101st General Assembly. A person under 18 21 
13 years of age who is not an active duty member of the United 
14 States Armed Forces and does not have the written consent

15 of his or her parent or guardian to acquire and possess 
16 firearms and firearm
ammunition, or whose parent or 
17 guardian has revoked such written consent,
or where such 
18 parent or guardian does not qualify to have a Firearm 
19 Owner's
Identification Card; 

20  (c) A person convicted of a felony under the laws of 
21 this or any other
jurisdiction;

22  (d) A person addicted to narcotics;

23  (e) A person who has been a patient of a mental health 
24 facility within the
past 5 years or a person who has been a 
25 patient in a mental health facility more than 5 years ago 
26 who has not received the certification required under 
 
 
HB5423- 14 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 subsection (u) of this Section. An active law enforcement 
2 officer employed by a unit of government who is denied, 
3 revoked, or has his or her Firearm Owner's Identification 
4 Card seized under this subsection (e) may obtain relief as 
5 described in subsection (c-5) of Section 10 of this Act if 
6 the officer did not act in a manner threatening to the 
7 officer, another person, or the public as determined by the 
8 treating clinical psychologist or physician, and the 
9 officer seeks mental health treatment;

10  (f) A person whose mental condition is of such a nature 
11 that it poses
a clear and present danger to the applicant, 
12 any other person or persons or
the community;

13  (g) A person who has an intellectual disability;

14  (h) A person who intentionally makes a false statement 
15 in the Firearm
Owner's Identification Card application;

16  (i) An alien who is unlawfully present in
the United 
17 States under the laws of the United States;

18  (i-5) An alien who has been admitted to the United 
19 States under a
non-immigrant visa (as that term is defined 
20 in Section 101(a)(26) of the
Immigration and Nationality 
21 Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(26))), except that this
subsection 
22 (i-5) does not apply to any alien who has been lawfully 
23 admitted to
the United States under a non-immigrant visa if 
24 that alien is:

25   (1) admitted to the United States for lawful 
26 hunting or sporting purposes;

 
 
HB5423- 15 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1   (2) an official representative of a foreign 
2 government who is:

3    (A) accredited to the United States Government 
4 or the Government's
mission to an international 
5 organization having its headquarters in the United

6 States; or

7    (B) en route to or from another country to 
8 which that alien is
accredited;

9   (3) an official of a foreign government or 
10 distinguished foreign visitor
who has been so 
11 designated by the Department of State;

12   (4) a foreign law enforcement officer of a friendly 
13 foreign government
entering the United States on 
14 official business; or

15   (5) one who has received a waiver from the Attorney 
16 General of the United
States pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 
17 922(y)(3);

18  (j) (Blank);

19  (k) A person who has been convicted within the past 5 
20 years of battery,
assault, aggravated assault, violation 
21 of an order of protection, or a
substantially similar 
22 offense in another jurisdiction, in which a firearm was

23 used or possessed;

24  (l) A person who has been convicted of domestic 
25 battery, aggravated domestic battery, or a substantially

26 similar offense in another jurisdiction committed before, 
 
 
HB5423- 16 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 on or after January 1, 2012 (the effective date of Public 
2 Act 97-158). If the applicant or person who has been 
3 previously issued a Firearm Owner's Identification Card 
4 under this Act knowingly and intelligently waives the right 
5 to have an offense described in this paragraph (l) tried by 
6 a jury, and by guilty plea or otherwise, results in a 
7 conviction for an offense in which a domestic relationship 
8 is not a required element of the offense but in which a 
9 determination of the applicability of 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(9) 
10 is made under Section 112A-11.1 of the Code of Criminal 
11 Procedure of 1963, an entry by the court of a judgment of 
12 conviction for that offense shall be grounds for denying an 
13 application for and for revoking and seizing a Firearm 
14 Owner's Identification Card previously issued to the 
15 person under this Act;

16  (m) (Blank);

17  (n) A person who is prohibited from acquiring or 
18 possessing
firearms or firearm ammunition by any Illinois 
19 State statute or by federal
law;

20  (o) A minor subject to a petition filed under Section 
21 5-520 of the
Juvenile Court Act of 1987 alleging that the 
22 minor is a delinquent minor for
the commission of an 
23 offense that if committed by an adult would be a felony;


24  (p) An adult who had been adjudicated a delinquent 
25 minor under the Juvenile
Court Act of 1987 for the 
26 commission of an offense that if committed by an
adult 
 
 
HB5423- 17 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 would be a felony;

2  (q) A person who is not a resident of the State of 
3 Illinois, except as provided in subsection (a-10) of 
4 Section 4; 
5  (r) A person who has been adjudicated as a person with 
6 a mental disability; 
7  (s) A person who has been found to have a developmental 
8 disability; 
9  (t) A person involuntarily admitted into a mental 
10 health facility; or 
11  (u) A person who has had his or her Firearm Owner's 
12 Identification Card revoked or denied under subsection (e) 
13 of this Section or item (iv) of paragraph (2) of subsection 
14 (a) of Section 4 of this Act because he or she was a 
15 patient in a mental health facility as provided in 
16 subsection (e) of this Section, shall not be permitted to 
17 obtain a Firearm Owner's Identification Card, after the 
18 5-year period has lapsed, unless he or she has received a 
19 mental health evaluation by a physician, clinical 
20 psychologist, or qualified examiner as those terms are 
21 defined in the Mental Health and Developmental 
22 Disabilities Code, and has received a certification that he 
23 or she is not a clear and present danger to himself, 
24 herself, or others. The physician, clinical psychologist, 
25 or qualified examiner making the certification and his or 
26 her employer shall not be held criminally, civilly, or 
 
 
HB5423- 18 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 professionally liable for making or not making the 
2 certification required under this subsection, except for 
3 willful or wanton misconduct. This subsection does not 
4 apply to a person whose firearm possession rights have been 
5 restored through administrative or judicial action under 
6 Section 10 or 11 of this Act. 
7 Upon revocation of a person's Firearm Owner's 
8Identification Card, the Department of State Police shall 
9provide notice to the person and the person shall comply with 
10Section 9.5 of this Act. 
11(Source: P.A. 101-80, eff. 7-12-19.)


12 Section 10. The Firearm Concealed Carry Act is amended by 
13changing Section 25 as follows:

14 (430 ILCS 66/25)

15 Sec. 25. Qualifications for a license. 
16 The Department shall issue a license to an applicant 
17completing an application in accordance with Section 30 of this 
18Act if the person:
19  (1) is at least 18 21 years of age or is an active duty 
20 member of the United States Armed Forces;
21  (2) has a currently valid Firearm Owner's 
22 Identification Card and at the time of application meets 
23 the requirements for the issuance of a Firearm Owner's 
24 Identification Card and is not prohibited under the Firearm 
 
 
HB5423- 19 -LRB101 17716 CPF 67143 b


1 Owners Identification Card Act or federal law from 
2 possessing or receiving a firearm;
3  (3) has not been convicted or found guilty in this 
4 State or in any other state of:
5   (A) a misdemeanor involving the use or threat of 
6 physical force or violence to any person within the 5 
7 years preceding the date of the license application; or
8   (B) 2 or more violations related to driving while 
9 under the influence of alcohol, other drug or drugs, 
10 intoxicating compound or compounds, or any combination 
11 thereof, within the 5 years preceding the date of the 
12 license application;
13  (4) is not the subject of a pending arrest warrant, 
14 prosecution, or proceeding for an offense or action that 
15 could lead to disqualification to own or possess a firearm;
16  (5) has not been in residential or court-ordered 
17 treatment for alcoholism, alcohol detoxification, or drug 
18 treatment within the 5 years immediately preceding the date 
19 of the license application; and
20  (6) has completed firearms training and any education 
21 component required under Section 75 of this Act.

22(Source: P.A. 98-63, eff. 7-9-13; 98-756, eff. 7-16-14.)